A conceptual framework and research method for understanding protected area governance: varying approaches and epistemic worldviews about human-nature relations

Research about the relations between protected areas and local communities ranges from nature-centred to human-centred approaches. Differing epistemic worldviews fragmentation characterize this literature. We analyzed rationale underpinning approaches area governance. classified them according their perspective on human-nature relations. Using components of stakeholder mapping, adding concepts interaction, landscape values, land-use preferences, we designed a conceptual framework research method improve understanding governance specific areas. The comprises 6 steps: (1) identify all stakeholders; (2) those stakeholders in power positions determine view nature; (3) establish values preferences other groups; (4) study institutional context relations; (5) consider agency capacity each group engagement with area; (6) what recommendations might be made